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Glossary
A
- Abstinent syndrome
- It is a complex of psychopathological, vegetative, neurological and somatic disorders.
- Addiction
- The state of man’s consciousness which is characterized with an escape from the reality by means of artificial, often chemical, preparations (nicotine, alcohol, drugs, etc.). Their continuous use forms addictive behavior and is exposed as smoking, alcoholism, drug addiction, etc. Clinical psychology and sociology deal with studying of this phenomenon.
C
- Chronic alcohol intoxication
- The state arising in case of a long-time (1 year and more) systematic use of alcohol in the doses exceeding the individual limits of safe consumption, which is manifested in occurrence of psychical (alcoholism) or somatic, or combined pathology, directly or indirectly related to the toxic action of alcohol.
D
- Demention (Lat. Dementia, de is a prefix, meaning absence, loss, and mens — mind)
- Stable reduction of the cognitive activity with a loss of acquired knowledge and practical skills in this or that degree with difficulty or impossibility in acquiring new ones; the same as weak-mindedness.
- Deviant behavior (from Eng. deviation)
- It is a system of acts or individual acts being in conflict with the norms (legal, ethics, aesthetic) adopted in the society and showed up as imbalance of psychical processes, non-adaptiveness, disorder in the process of self-actualization or as avoiding moral and aesthetic control of own behavior.
- Dominant
- A steady focus of the nervous centres hyperexcitability, when excitations coming to the centre serve for enhancement of excitation in the focus, while inhibition phenomena are widely found in the rest part of the nervous system.
I
N
P
R
- Reduction
- Decrease, alleviation, reducing complicated things to the simplest one accessible fo analysis or making a solution.
- Rehabilitation
- Therapeutic recovery measures conducted after diseases.
- Remission (Lat. remissio — diminishing, weakening)
- Temporal or complete disappearance of manifestations (symptoms) of a chronic disease. Follow-up by the doctor and certain medication is required for supporting the state of remission. This term is often used in relation to drug addicts (as a rule, using drugs intended for injection) who decrease the rate of drug consumption or try to «stay off». As a rule, the stage of «remission» is followed by a severe «recurrent» syndrome, depression, decline of forces, muscular pains, so-called «withdrawal pains».
T
- Tolerance (originates from Lat. Tolerantia — patience)
- It means the decline of sensitiveness to toxic and pharmaceutical preparations.
- Tremor (Lat. Tremor — shaking)
- Involuntary vibratory movements of the entire body or its individual parts. It affects more often fingers of hands, eyelids, tongue, lower jaw and head.
